normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>一、制动效能不良
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>现象:汽车行驶中制动时,制动减速度小,制动距离长。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>原因:
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>1.总泵有故障。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>2.分泵有故障。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>3.制动器有故障。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>4.制动管路中渗入空气。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>诊断:
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>液压制动系统产生制动效能不良的原因,一般可根据制动踏板行程(俗称高、低)、踏制动踏板时的软硬感觉、踏下制动踏板后的稳定性以及边疆多脚制动时踏板增高度来
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>判断:
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>1.一般制动时踏板高度太低、制动效能不良。如连续两脚或几脚制动,踏板高度随这增高且制动效能好转,说明制动鼓与磨擦片或总泵活塞与推杆的间隙过大。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>2.维持制动时,踏板的高度若缓慢或迅速下降,说明制动管路某处破裂、接头密闭不良或分泵皮碗密封不良,其回位弹簧过软或折断,或总泵皮碗、皮圈密封不良,回油阀及出油阀不良。可首先踏下制动踏板,观察有无制动液渗漏部位。若外部正常,则应检查分泵或总泵故障。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>3.连续几脚制动时,踏板高度仍过低,且在第二脚制动后,感到总泵活塞未回位,踏下制动踏板即有总泵推杆与活塞碰击响声,是总泵皮碗破裂或其连续几脚,回位弹簧太软。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>4.连续几脚制动时踏板高度稍有增高,并有弹性感,说明制动管路中渗入了空气。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>5.连续几脚,踏板均被踏到底,并感到踏板毫无反力,说明总泵储液室内制动液严重亏损。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>6.连续几脚制动时,踏板高度低而软,是总进油孔中储液室螺塞通气孔堵塞。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>7.一脚或两脚制动时,踏板高度适当,但太硬制动效能不良。应检查各轮磨擦片与鼓的间隙是否太小中高速不当。若间隙正常,则检查鼓壁与磨擦片表面状况。如正常,再检查制动蹄弹簧是否过硬,总泵或分泵皮碗是否发胀,活塞与缸壁配合是否松旷。如均正常,则应进而检查制动软管是否老化不畅通。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>二、制动突然失灵
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>现象:汽车在行驶中,一脚或连续几脚制动,制动踏板均被踏到底,制动突然失灵。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>原因:
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>1.总泵内无制动液。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>2.总泵皮碗破损或踏翻。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>3.分泵皮碗破损或踏翻。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>4.制动管路严重破裂或接头脱节。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>诊断:
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left>发生制动失灵的故障,应立即停车检查。首先观察有无泄漏制动液处。如制动总泵推杆防尘套处制动液处。如制动总泵推杆防尘套处制动液漏流严重,多属总泵皮碗踏翻或严惩损坏。如某车轮制动鼓边缘有大量制动液,说明该轮分泵皮碗压翻或严重损坏。管路渗漏制动液一般明显可见。若无渗漏制动液现象,则应检查总泵储液室内制动液是否充足。